Organic farming: what's the issue?

What makes organic farmers different?

Organic farmers restrict the use of synthetic fertilisers and pesticides, relying on other methods to promote growth and keep pests at bay.

Alternative methods used by organic farmers include crop rotation (growing different foods in the same space over different timescales, to avoid build-up of pests), composting and complementary pest-control methods.

Some organic farmers guarantee that the land on which they grow vegetables or raise cattle has also been free from chemicals for a set amount of time.

So is food produced by organic farmers more healthy?

It's a matter of considerable debate, but according to the Food Standards Agency, the scientific evidence doesn't show that organic food is healthier than food produced by other methods.

Does it taste better?

Opinions vary. Celebrity chefs like Jamie Oliver say it does—but conventional farmers would probably disagree!

Is free-range farming the same as organic farming?

No. Free-range farmers use a method of rearing animals that allows them to roam free. However, regulations governing this type of farming mean there may be differences in the degree of freedom animals are given. The term "unfenced" is also used to describe free-range farming.

Isn't organic food a bit expensive?

It is at the moment, yes—mainly because it is still seen as a niche product. But it's widely thought that the more food produced by organic farmers is sold, the less will be charged for it, and the more farmers will be encouraged to produce it.

How do I know that food is organic?

There are several labelling schemes certifying food produced by organic farmers. The best-known of these is the Soil Association certification mark, which appears on 70 per cent of organic food produced in the UK.

Does the Red Tractor label mean food is organic?

No. The Red Tractor mark appears on food poduced by an alliance of farmers, processors, retailers and distributors who work together to raise standards. Another common label is the RSPCA's Freedom Food mark. Food carrying this label is often free range, but not necessarily organic.

Where can I get organic food and fresh farmers' produce?

Most supermarkets stock food produced by organic farmers—the major ones have entire sections dedicated to organic food, especially in the vegetable aisles. Farmers' markets visiting towns and cities often sell organic produce, as well as local foods. Or visit the farmer direct—some farms have their own shops.